How to Use a Quitclaim Deed to Transfer Property to a Family Members

A quitclaim deed is a legal instrument used to transfer real estate interest from one person to another without any warranties or title guarantees. Because of their speed and simplicity, quitclaim deeds are a widely used tool for intra-family property transfers across the United States and Canada, especially in situations like:

  • Marital Changes: Adding a spouse to the deed after marriage or removing one following a divorce.
  • Estate Planning: Transferring property into a revocable living trust or passing ownership to children.
  • Gifts: Gifting property where no money changes hands—common in provinces like Ontario, where true gifts are not taxed.

While quitclaim deeds are often just one or two pages long, they require strict legal accuracy. A small error in the language, execution, or recording can cloud the title, trigger unexpected tax exposure, or even void the deed. In Canada, where quitclaims are routinely used for family transfers, Ontario law permits these gifts without triggering provincial gift tax, though capital gains rules may still apply.

Make sure your deed meets every state requirement. RunSensible’s legal forms include proper formatting, language, and signature blocks so nothing gets rejected.

What is a Quitclaim Deed? (The “As-Is” Transfer)

A quitclaim deed is a legal document used to transfer a person’s ownership interest in real estate to another party without any warranties or guarantees. It is often compared to an “as-is” bill of sale for land. The Grantor (current owner) “quits” or releases any interest they hold in the property and conveys it to the Grantee (new owner). Key Characteristics of a Quitclaim Deed:

  • No Promises: The grantor transfers only the interest they possess at the time—nothing more.
  • No Warranty: Unlike a warranty deed, which guarantees a clear title and defends against future claims, a quitclaim deed offers no protection to the grantee.
  • Uncertain Ownership: The grantee receives whatever the grantor owns, which may be full ownership, partial interest, or nothing at all if the title is flawed.

Because of these limitations, quitclaim deeds are best used in low-risk, high-trust situations, such as between spouses, parents and children, or within family trusts—where the property history is known and no title guarantees are needed.

One of the most common misunderstandings about quitclaim deeds is the assumption that transferring the title also removes the grantor from any mortgage obligations. This is incorrect.

  • Title vs. Debt: A quitclaim deed only affects legal ownership, not the underlying financial responsibility.
  • Loan Still Binding: If the property is mortgaged, the grantor remains liable unless the loan is refinanced or formally assumed by the grantee.

In a divorce, one spouse may quitclaim the home to the other, removing themselves from the property title. However, this does not release them from the mortgage. Their name remains on the loan, and they stay legally responsible until the mortgage is refinanced or paid off. A quitclaim deed only transfers ownership “as-is”; it does not eliminate debt or provide any title guarantees. Understanding this distinction is essential to avoid costly legal or financial surprises later on.

Legal Requirements for a Valid Quitclaim Deed Transfer

A quitclaim deed may appear straightforward, but it must meet specific legal standards to remain valid and enforceable. If the parties ignore these requirements, the county may reject the deed, or it could create legal disputes or title defects. The core requirements fall into four primary areas:

  • Capacity and Identification

The grantor must be legally competent. They must be of legal age and mentally sound when signing the deed. If someone signs under duress or lacks capacity, a court can later void the transfer.

The deed must clearly identify both the grantor and grantee using full legal names. If multiple people transfer their interest, each one must appear as a grantor and sign the deed. Many counties also require mailing addresses for both parties to complete the recording.

How to Use a Quitclaim Deed to Transfer Property to a Family Members

  • Legal Content and Property Description

Most jurisdictions require the deed to include some form of consideration. Even if the transfer involves no payment, the grantor typically lists a nominal amount like “ten dollars and love and affection” to meet legal standards. In Canada, where no gift tax applies, grantors often report zero-dollar consideration, although many still include a nominal value for clarity.

The deed must include the property’s full legal description, not just the street address. This includes lot and block numbers or a metes and bounds description, copied directly from the most recent recorded deed. If the grantor uses the wrong description or leaves it incomplete, the deed may fail to convey the correct property.

  • Execution Requirements

The grantor must sign the deed. Although most jurisdictions do not require the grantee’s signature, some may call for additional affidavits or an acknowledgment of receipt. A notary public must witness and acknowledge the grantor’s signature.

In certain states, a non-owner spouse must sign to release marital or homestead rights. For example, in Florida, both spouses must sign the deed if the property is a primary residence, even if only one spouse holds title. In Illinois, a spouse cannot remove the other from the title without written consent or a court order. If a required spouse does not sign, the deed becomes defective.

Some states also require one or more witnesses. Florida requires two witnesses, and one of them can act as the notary. Georgia requires one witness in addition to a notary, and the same person cannot serve both roles. South Carolina and Connecticut require two witnesses, and either may also act as the notary. If the parties fail to obtain the correct number of witnesses, the county may reject the deed, or others may later challenge its validity.

  • Recording and Public Notice

Although the deed takes effect between the grantor and grantee once signed and delivered, only recording it makes the transfer enforceable against outside parties. If the grantee fails to record the deed, they risk losing priority in the title chain, and future buyers or creditors might not recognize their claim. Recording the deed in the county land records office creates public notice and protects the grantee’s legal ownership.

When a Quitclaim Deed Is the Right Legal Tool

Quitclaim deeds are a powerful legal instrument when speed and trust matter more than guarantees. Unlike warranty deeds, they offer no protection against title defects. However, they are the ideal solution for transfers between family members or between an individual and their own trust or business entity.

If you are managing your own property records, here are the five situations where using a quitclaim deed makes legal and practical sense.

1. Spousal Transfers and Family Gifts

Quitclaim deeds are frequently used to add a spouse to a title after marriage or to remove one following a divorce. While these transfers often fulfill a court settlement or a voluntary agreement between trusted parties, there is one crucial catch you must remember:

Changing the deed does not change the mortgage. Even if you remove a spouse from the title, the original borrower remains financially responsible for the loan unless the lender agrees to a refinance or a formal release.

This tool is also commonly used to gift property to adult children or relatives. While the grantor gives up ownership without payment, be aware of the tax implications. You may need to file a federal gift tax return, and the recipient could face capital gains tax upon a future sale. Always check your state’s rules on parent-to-child tax exemptions.

2. Transferring Property to a Trust or Family-Owned Entity

You can use a quitclaim deed to move a home into a revocable living trust or a family-controlled LLC. This is a foundational step in estate planning, ensuring your assets pass to your heirs outside of probate. Since you are effectively transferring property to yourself in a different legal capacity, title warranties are unnecessary.

Pro Tip: Some states require you to notify the county assessor to avoid an accidental property tax reassessment. For example, in California, you must file a Preliminary Change of Ownership Report alongside the deed.

3. Handling Inheritance and Consolidating Ownership

Heirs who inherit property often use quitclaim deeds to consolidate ownership. For instance, if three siblings inherit a home, two might quitclaim their shares to the third sibling to grant them full title.

Executors and trustees also use similar deeds (often called Executor’s Deeds) to distribute property according to a will. These function much like quitclaim deeds and are best used when all beneficiaries are in agreement regarding the distribution.

4. Correcting Title Errors or Updating Ownership Structure

Quitclaim deeds are the go-to solution for fixing clerical errors in recorded property documents. If a prior deed contains a misspelled name, omits an owner, or includes outdated information, a new quitclaim deed can be used to correct the public record.

They are also commonly used by family co-owners to update how ownership is shared or structured. For example, multiple owners may choose to shift from Joint tenancy, where ownership automatically passes to the surviving owners upon death, to Tenancy in common, which allows each owner to pass their share to a chosen heir through a will or trust. This type of internal restructuring helps align the title with estate planning goals and family preferences. Since no outside parties are involved, and all current owners agree, these changes are typically low-risk when properly executed and recorded.

Best Practices for Safe Transfers

Even when dealing with family, you should always document the transaction clearly.

  • Record the Value: If no money changes hands, file an affidavit of value or exemption form as required by your county.
  • Clarify Gifts: If gifting the property, include a statement noting the transfer is a gift and list the approximate value to prevent future disputes.
  • Avoid Unrelated Parties: Never use a quitclaim deed to buy or sell a home with a stranger. Because they offer no title insurance or protection, most title companies will flag these transactions.

Quitclaim deeds are efficient and cost-effective for internal transfers, estate planning, and divorce settlements. However, because they come without warranties, they should only be used when you have complete trust in the other party or full knowledge of the property’s history. When in doubt, consult a real estate attorney to ensure your interests are protected.

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Step-by-Step Execution of Quitclaim Deed Process

Using a quitclaim deed may seem simple, but each step requires precise execution to avoid invalidating the transfer or creating future legal or financial problems. Here is a clear step-by-step guide, with common mistakes to avoid:

Step 1: Perform a Title Search

Before executing the deed, conduct a title search or review the current title record. Many people skip this step in intra-family transfers, but that can result in serious issues like hidden liens or boundary disputes. For example, if you inherit a house and quitclaim it to a sibling without checking the title, you might unintentionally transfer a $50,000 lien. Use a title company or check public land records online. If the property is high-value, purchase title insurance or ask a professional to prepare a title report. You can fix issues more easily before the transfer than afterward.

Step 2: Address Mortgage and Debt

If the property has a mortgage, review the agreement for a due-on-sale clause. This clause allows the lender to demand full repayment if you transfer the property. Although federal law (Garn-St. Germain Act) exempts many family-related transfers, always notify or get written permission from the lender.

If you remove a co-borrower from the title, refinance the loan, or ensure the remaining borrower qualifies to assume it. Remember, signing a quitclaim deed does not remove your financial responsibility. If the new owner misses payments, you could face foreclosure or damage to your credit.

Step 3: Draft the Quitclaim Deed

Use a valid, state-specific quitclaim deed form that follows all formatting rules. Include:

  • Full legal names of all grantors and grantees
  • Consideration (e.g., $1.00 or “love and affection”)
  • Complete legal description (not just the street address)
  • Parcel ID number, if required
  • Reference to the prior deed, if required
  • “Prepared by” statement and return address

Avoid common mistakes:

  • Misspelling names or using names that don’t match the ID
  • Leaving out co-owners from the grantor section
  • Using only the street address instead of the full legal description
  • Failing to specify how grantees hold title (e.g., joint tenancy or tenancy in common)

If you’re unsure, consult a real estate attorney or use a trusted legal form provider.

Step 4: Sign and Notarize (and Witness, if Required)

Sign the deed only in front of a notary. All grantors must sign in the notary’s presence. Some states require witnesses:

  • Florida: Two witnesses plus a notary
  • Georgia: One witness and a separate notary
  • Connecticut and South Carolina: Two witnesses (one may be the notary)

Ask disinterested adults to serve as witnesses. Avoid using the grantee or anyone who benefits from the transfer. If necessary, visit a local bank or UPS store where notaries can provide witnesses. After signing, ensure the notary includes a complete seal, commission details, and the correct date. Don’t alter the deed after notarization. Securely attach any exhibits, like the legal description.

Step 5: Record the Deed

Take the original deed and required supplemental forms to the County Recorder’s Office. Expect to:

  • Pay per-page recording fees
  • Pay transfer taxes unless you qualify for an exemption

Complete any required forms in advance:

  • State or local tax declarations
  • Affidavit of Property Value (e.g., Arizona)
  • Preliminary Change of Ownership Report (e.g., California)

Clearly state your exemption on the deed or in an affidavit. The clerk will review formatting, check forms, and calculate taxes. Once approved, the clerk will stamp the deed with a record number and date, and index it under grantor and grantee names.

After recording, the grantee becomes the legal owner. Keep a copy of the recorded deed and confirm its registration in public records within a few weeks. Don’t delay recording. If you wait, a third party could record a conflicting claim first. Recording protects the new owner and finalizes the transfer.

Forms and documents for Quitclaim Transfer

Transferring property with a quitclaim deed involves more than simply signing the deed. Especially for family transactions, you’ll need a complete and accurate document packet to ensure the county accepts the recording, tax exemptions are applied correctly, and all parties’ rights are protected. Below is a structured breakdown of the essential forms and documents often required in various jurisdictions.

How to Use a Quitclaim Deed to Transfer Property to a Family Members

A. Quitclaim Deed Form

This is the main legal instrument used to transfer the property interest. Always use a state-specific version, as requirements differ widely. For instance, California mandates a 14-point font in the heading and a 2.5-inch top margin for recording. Georgia requires the grantee’s mailing address on the first page, while Indiana calls for a Social Security redaction notice. Ensure the deed includes:

  • Full legal names and addresses of the grantor(s) and grantee(s)
  • Legal description of the property (not just the street address)
  • Consideration (even if nominal, like “$10 and love and affection”)
  • Signatures and notarization per state law
  • Spousal signatures if required

Some states have statutory wording (e.g., Ohio’s Revised Code includes a model form). Use templates from your county recorder’s website whenever possible.

B. Transfer Tax Declarations and Value Affidavits

Most states require some declaration of value or transfer tax information, even for family transfers.

Examples:

  • Illinois: PTAX-203 Real Estate Transfer Declaration
  • Arizona: Affidavit of Property Value unless exempt under ARS §11-1134
  • Pennsylvania: Statement of Value for nominal or no-consideration deeds
  • New York: TP-584 (Transfer Tax Return) and RP-5217 (Equalization Form)
  • Florida: No separate form, but doc stamps apply based on consideration (including assumed mortgage)

Family transfers are often exempt from transfer tax, but a proper exemption code or statement must be included on the form.

C. Ownership Change Reports

These forms are required by the assessor to update property tax records. California’s PCOR (Preliminary Change of Ownership Report):
This 2-page form informs the county about the nature of the transfer. It determines whether the property will be reassessed. You must file this at the time of recording; otherwise, you’ll incur a penalty and be sent a follow-up form. In Michigan, you may need to file a “Principal Residence Exemption Affidavit” if the property will remain the new owner’s primary home.

D. Exemption Affidavits and Certifications

When claiming a transfer tax exemption, many jurisdictions require an affidavit explaining the reason. Examples:

  • California: Parent-Child Exclusion (must file with County Assessor separately from recording)
  • Illinois: Exemption under 35 ILCS 200/31-45 for family transfers
  • Pennsylvania: Signed affidavit citing relationship and exemption status
  • New Jersey: No transfer tax on $1 family deeds, but a statement should accompany the deed

In each case, explicitly state the exemption on the affidavit and include references to applicable statutes.

E. Spousal Waivers or Releases

Some states require a spouse not listed on the title to waive homestead or marital rights. Examples:

  • Ohio: Spouse signs a dower waiver clause on the deed or a separate “Release of Dower Rights.”
  • Florida and Texas: The spouse signs the deed itself if the property is a homestead
  • Kentucky and others: May require a separate waiver instrument

These waivers must be notarized and often recorded with the deed.

F. IRS Form 709 – Gift Tax Return

If the value of the property transferred exceeds the annual exclusion limit (e.g., $17,000 in 2023), the grantor must file IRS Form 709 to report the gift. This is a federal requirement unrelated to deed recording but is essential for proper tax reporting. The form must be filed by April 15 of the year following the transfer.

G. County Cover Sheets

Some counties require an indexing cover sheet with every recorded document. Examples:

  • Los Angeles County, CA: SB2 declaration cover sheet with tax fee information
  • New York City: The ACRIS system requires barcoded coversheets
  • Dane County, Wisconsin: Requires e-transfer receipt for every deed

These sheets typically summarize the document type, names of parties, and property address, and may affect recording fees or exemptions.

H. Other Supporting Documents

In less common situations, you may need:

  • Certified death certificates (if transferring from an estate)
  • Probate orders or letters testamentary (for executor or trustee deeds)
  • Trust certifications or affidavits of successor trustee (for trust-related transfers)
  • Corrective deed affidavits (if fixing prior recording errors)

Quitclaim transfers require multiple state-specific forms—deeds, value affidavits, tax declarations, ownership-change reports, and more. With RunSensible’s legal form builder, identify the exact forms your county requires, fill them out online, then download, sign, and file with confidence.

Financial Risks & Tax Consequences

Quitclaim transfers within families can carry substantial financial and tax consequences. The most common pitfalls are losing the step-up in basis and failing to file Form 709. For many families, allowing property to pass at death or using a TOD deed provides better tax outcomes and avoids many of these risks.

1. Capital Gains and the “Step-Up” Basis Trap

Gifting real estate through a quitclaim deed often creates an unexpected tax burden because the recipient receives the donor’s original cost basis. For example, if your mother bought a home for $100,000 and gifts it when it is worth $300,000, your basis remains $100,000. If you sell for $320,000, you owe tax on about $220,000 of gain. If the same property were inherited instead, the basis would “step up” to its market value at the time of death—$300,000 in this example—so selling at $320,000 results in only $20,000 of taxable gain. Because the step-up is lost when property is gifted during life, many families prefer to transfer property at death or use a Transfer on Death (TOD) deed.

2. Federal Gift Tax Reporting (Form 709)

A property transfer for less than fair market value is treated as a gift for federal tax purposes. If the gifted value exceeds the annual exclusion ($18,000 per recipient in 2024), the donor must file IRS Form 709. Most people owe no actual gift tax because the amount applied reduces the donor’s lifetime exemption (over $13 million in 2024). However, failing to file Form 709 can lead to IRS penalties and create complications for the donor’s estate later. Gifts to a U.S. citizen spouse are unlimited and do not require filing.

3. Property Tax Reassessment

Many states reassess property taxes upon transfer, even between family members. In California, Proposition 19 generally causes a complete reassessment when a non-primary residence is transferred to a child, significantly raising future property taxes. Only specific transfers of a primary residence may qualify for exclusion. Other states, such as Florida, may remove homestead caps or protections once ownership changes. Understanding local rules and filing any required forms is essential. If avoiding reassessment is important, alternatives such as a life estate or inheritance may be more suitable.

How to Use a Quitclaim Deed to Transfer Property to a Family Members

4. Medicaid Look-Back and Eligibility Penalties

If the property owner may need Medicaid within the next five years, gifting the home can create serious issues. Medicaid’s five-year look-back period penalizes transfers made for less than fair market value by delaying eligibility for benefits. Only limited exceptions apply, such as transfers to a spouse or to a caregiver child who lived in the home for at least two years and provided care that delayed institutionalization. A quitclaim deed does not protect the home from Medicaid and may cause problems unless performed under a valid exemption.

5. Other Liabilities and Legal Risks

A quitclaim deed transfers the property precisely as it exists, including all liens and obligations. Tax liens, judgment liens, and HOA liens remain attached and become the responsibility of the recipient. Additionally, if the donor faces financial trouble or litigation, a gift transfer can be considered a fraudulent conveyance, and a court may reverse it.

Final Thoughts

 A quitclaim deed transfers the owner’s interest “as-is,” so the outcome depends entirely on how accurately you prepare, execute, and record the documents. The process works well when you understand the mortgage status, confirm the exact legal description from the current deed, use the correct state-specific form, and follow all signing and recording rules. A basic title search is also important, even for family transfers, because any liens or claims on the property will pass to the new owner.

Taxes should never be an afterthought. Both sides need to understand gift tax reporting, capital gains implications, and whether the transfer could trigger a property-tax reassessment. Talking through these issues up front avoids surprises later, especially when the property is eventually sold or when benefits like homestead exemptions must be updated.

Finally, the transfer isn’t complete until everything is recorded and all follow-up tasks—insurance updates, tax forms, storage of documents are correctly handled. With good preparation and the right professional help when needed, a quitclaim deed can be a smooth, low-stress way to transfer ownership within a family.

Quick Checklist for a Successful Quitclaim Transfer

  • Check the mortgage and liens: Confirm any loan obligations, due-on-sale concerns, and lien issues.
  • Pull the current deed: Use the exact legal description and confirm the correct owner names.
  • Run a title search: Identify liens, judgments, easements, or other issues before transferring.
  • Review tax implications: Understand gift tax filing, carryover basis, and potential reassessment.
  • Use the proper deed form: Choose the correct state-specific quitclaim or alternative deed.
  • Complete the deed accurately: Use full legal names and fill in all required details.
  • Sign with proper execution: Notary and witnesses as required by your state.
  • Prepare and attach transfer forms: PTAX, PCOR, affidavits, cover sheets, and fee payments.
  • Record promptly: Submit the deed to the county recorder and verify indexing.
  • Update insurance and tax records: Change ownership on the homeowner’s policy and property-tax billing.
  • Keep all documents: Store the recorded deed, transfer forms, and any tax filings.
  • Watch for follow-up notices: Respond to assessor or tax office requests and apply for exemptions if needed.

FAQs

1. What exactly does a quitclaim deed transfer, and what does it not cover?

A quitclaim deed transfers whatever ownership interest the grantor currently has—no more and no less. It provides no warranties, meaning it makes no promises that the title is clear, marketable, or free of defects. If the grantor has full ownership, that’s what the grantee receives; if the grantor has no valid interest, the grantee receives nothing. A quitclaim deed also does not remove the grantor from any existing mortgage, because title and debt are legally separate. This “as-is” nature makes quitclaims best suited for family transfers where both sides understand the property’s history.

2. Can a quitclaim deed remove someone from the mortgage?

No. A quitclaim deed only transfers ownership rights—it does not affect the underlying loan. Even if a spouse or co-owner is removed from the deed, they remain legally responsible for the mortgage unless the lender approves a refinance, loan assumption, or written release. Many people mistakenly assume that transferring the title also transfers the obligation to pay, which can lead to serious financial consequences if payments are missed. It’s essential to review mortgage documents and discuss changes directly with the lender before signing the deed.

3. Is a quitclaim deed appropriate for transferring property into a family trust or LLC?

Yes, quitclaim deeds are commonly used to transfer property into a revocable living trust or a family-controlled entity because there is no need for title warranties when the owner is essentially transferring the property to themselves under a new legal capacity. This helps streamline probate avoidance and simplifies estate planning. However, some states require notifying the assessor to prevent unintended property tax reassessment, especially in places like California, where a Preliminary Change of Ownership Report must accompany the filing. Even though the transfer is internal, accuracy still matters—errors in names, descriptions, or execution can affect the trust’s ability to manage or sell the property later. Consulting an estate-planning professional is wise to ensure state-specific rules are followed.

4. What are the most significant tax consequences of using a quitclaim deed for family transfers?

The most significant tax consequence is the loss of the step-up in basis if the property is gifted during life rather than inherited. The recipient receives the grantor’s original cost basis, which can lead to significant capital gains when the property is sold. Additionally, if the transfer is a gift over the annual exclusion amount, the grantor must file IRS Form 709, even though actual gift tax is rare due to the lifetime exemption. Some states also impose property tax reassessment rules when ownership changes, unless specific exemptions apply. These rules vary widely, so checking both federal and state tax implications before gifting is essential.

5. What can go wrong if a quitclaim deed isn’t executed or appropriately recorded?

If the deed is not signed with the proper witnesses or notarization required by the state, the county may reject it—or worse, it may become legally challenged later. Failing to include the full legal description or using incorrect names can cloud the title and force costly corrective deeds in the future. If the deed isn’t recorded promptly, the grantee’s ownership is vulnerable because outside parties—like creditors or subsequent buyers—might record competing claims first. Recording is what provides public notice and protects the new owner’s rights. These risks are why careful drafting, proper signatures, and timely recording are non-negotiable steps.

6. How do I know if a quitclaim deed is the right choice or if another tool, like a TOD deed or trust, is better?

A quitclaim deed is best for internal, low-risk transfers—such as between spouses, parents and children, or an owner and their trust—where both parties understand the property’s history and no warranties are needed. But if your priority is tax planning, probate avoidance, or preserving a step-up in basis, tools like Transfer-on-Death deeds, Lady Bird deeds, or revocable trusts may be superior. These alternatives often avoid gift tax reporting and protect property tax benefits more effectively than an immediate transfer. They also allow the original owner to retain control during life, which matters for Medicaid, homestead status, and mortgage concerns. If the long-term financial or legal stakes are high, speaking with an estate-planning or real estate attorney can help you match the right tool to your goals.

Sources

  1. What Is a Florida Quitclaim Deed and How Does It Work? – Alper Law
    https://www.alperlaw.com/florida-asset-protection/quit-claim-deed-florida/
  2. How Do Quit Claim Deeds Work in Arizona? – Fountain Hills Law Firm
    https://fountainhillslawfirm.com/blog/how-do-quit-claim-deeds-work-in-arizona/
  3. Quit Claim Deed in Illinois: Transfer Property Easily & Legally – 23 Legal
    https://23legal.com/quit-claim-deed-in-illinois-transfer-property-easily-legally/
  4. Quit Claim Deed Georgia Attorney – Law Office of Paul Black
    https://georgia-estatelaw.com/quit-claim-deed-georgia/
  5. Taking the “Quick” Out of Quitclaim Deeds – The Florida Bar
    https://www.floridabar.org/the-florida-bar-journal/taking-the-quick-out-of-quitclaim-deeds/
  6. Property Deed Basics – TexasLawHelp (State Legal Resource)
    https://texaslawhelp.org/article/property-deed-basics
  7. Witness Requirements – Central Signing Service
    https://initialhere.com/witness-requirements/
  8. Notary Tip: Requests to Serve as a Document Witness – National Notary Association
    https://www.nationalnotary.org/notary-bulletin/blog/2018/05/notary-tip-requests-to-serve-as-a-document-witness?srsltid=AfmBOop1B-TyeWuKXMdqFU6tYQ0O2um8eQybs-ik8cQ3m7kPOMDLSFQc
  9. What You Need to Know About Gift & Estate Taxation – Paul Haglund & Company, LLC
    https://paulhaglund.com/blog/what-you-need-to-know-about-gift-estate-taxation
  10. Quit Claim Deed Gift Tax Filing Rules Under $400K – JustAnswer Tax Experts
    https://www.justanswer.com/tax/pbl9s-quit-claim-deed-taxes-want-quite-claim.html
  11. A Quit Claim Deed Can Be Useful in Your Medicaid Plans – Korsinsky & Klein LLP
    https://www.kklawfirm.com/blog/2022/09/a-quit-claim-deed-can-be-useful-in-your-medicaid-plans/
  12. Step-Up in Basis for the Beneficiaries of Lady Bird Deeds – At Cause Law
    https://www.atcauselaw.com/post/step-up-in-basis-for-the-beneficiaries-of-lady-bird-deeds

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